1922 Nobel Prize in Literature
- 1922 (announcement)
- 10 December 1922
(ceremony)
← 1921 · | Nobel Prize in Literature | · 1923 → |
The 1922 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to the Spanish dramatist Jacinto Benavente[1] (1866–1954) "for the happy manner in which he has continued the illustrious traditions of the Spanish drama".[2]
Laureate
Jacinto Benavente y Martinez is considered to be one of the foremost Spanish dramatists of the 20th century. A prolific author of more than 150 plays, his plays shows a broad range including social commentry, comedy and tragedy. His most celebrated play Los intereses creados ("The Bonds of Interest"; performed 1903, published 1907) was based on the Italian commedia dell’arte.[3]
Nominations
Jacinto Benavente was first nominated in 1921 by 21 members of the Royal Spanish Academy, and again the following year by the Nobel committee.[4] In total, the committee received 30 nominations for 22 authors which included Georg Brandes, Grazia Deledda (awarded in 1926), John Galsworthy (awarded in 1932).Thomas Hardy, Arno Holz, Wladyslaw Reymont (awarded in 1924), W. B. Yeats (awarded in 1923), and Stefan Zeromski. Ten of the nominees were newly nominated such as Roberto Bracco, Paul Ernst, Darrell Figgis, William Inge, Michael Sadleir, Matilde Serao, Sigrid Undset (awarded in 1928), Ludwig von Pastor, Israel Zangwill. There were three female writers nominated: two from Italy (Grazia Deledda and Matilde Serao) and one from Norway (Sigrid Undset).[5]
The authors Lyman Abbott, Lima Barreto, Clementina Black, Wilfrid Scawen Blunt, Gerard Bolland, Elizabeth Williams Champney, Erskine Childers, Alfred Espinas, Nellie Blessing Eyster, Géza Gárdonyi, Constance Jones, Velimir Khlebnikov, Henry Lawson, Alice Meynell, Renzo Novatore, Mori Ōgai, Marcel Proust, Gabriel Séailles, George Robert Sims, Georges Sorel, Giovanni Verga died in 1922 without having been nominated for the prize.
No. | Nominee | Country | Genre(s) | Nominator(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Jacinto Benavente (1866–1954) | Spain | drama | Nobel Committee |
2 | Roberto Bracco (1861–1943) | Italy | drama, screenplay |
|
3 | Georg Brandes (1842–1927) | Denmark | literary criticism, essays |
|
4 | Grazia Deledda (1871–1936) | Italy | novel, short story, essays | Carl Bildt (1850–1931) |
5 | Paul Ernst (1866–1933) | Germany | novel, short story, drama, essays | Paul Natorp (1854–1924) |
6 | Darrell Figgis (1882–1925) | Ireland | poetry, novel, essays | Thomas Rudmose-Brown (1878–1942) |
7 | John Galsworthy (1867–1933) | United Kingdom | novel, drama, essays, short story, memoir | Nobel Committee |
8 | Bertel Gripenberg (1878–1947) | Finland | poetry, drama, essays | Nathan Söderblom (1866–1931) |
9 | Ángel Guimerá Jorge (1845–1924) | Spain | drama, poetry | Reial Acadèmia de Bones Lletres de Barcelona |
10 | Gunnar Gunnarsson (1889–1975) | Iceland | novel, short story, poetry | Adolf Noreen (1854–1925) |
11 | Thomas Hardy (1840–1928) | United Kingdom | novel, short story, poetry, drama |
|
12 | Arno Holz (1863–1929) | Germany | poetry, drama, essays | 39 professors from Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Czechoslovakia |
13 | William Ralph Inge (1860–1954) | United Kingdom | theology, essays | Nathan Söderblom (1866–1931) |
14 | Władysław Reymont (1867–1925) | Poland | novel, short story | Nobel Committee |
15 | Michael Sadleir (1888–1957) | United Kingdom | novel, essays | Nobel Committee |
16 | Matilde Serao (1856–1927) | Italy | novel, essays |
|
17 | Sigrid Undset (1882–1949) | Norway | novel, memoir, essays | Frederik Poulsen (1876–1950) |
18 | Georg von Below (1858–1927) | Germany | history, essays | Hermann Bächtold (1882–1934) |
19 | Ludwig von Pastor (1854–1928) | Germany | history |
|
20 | William Butler Yeats | Ireland | poetry, drama, essays | Nobel Committee |
21 | Israel Zangwill (1864–1926) | United Kingdom | novel, drama, translation | Adolf Noreen (1854–1925) |
22 | Stefan Żeromski (1864–1925) | Poland | novel, drama, short story | Nobel Committee |
References
- ^ "Prize Winner for Spain" (PDF). The New York Times. June 20, 1920. Retrieved October 27, 2023.
- ^ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1922 nobelprize.org
- ^ "Jacinto Benavente". britannica.com.
- ^ "Nomination archive Jacinto Benavente". nobelprize.org.
- ^ "Nomination archive - Literature 1922". nobelprize.org.
- v
- t
- e
- 1901: Sully Prudhomme
- 1902: Theodor Mommsen
- 1903: Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson
- 1904: Frédéric Mistral / José Echegaray
- 1905: Henryk Sienkiewicz
- 1906: Giosuè Carducci
- 1907: Rudyard Kipling
- 1908: Rudolf Eucken
- 1909: Selma Lagerlöf
- 1910: Paul Heyse
- 1911: Maurice Maeterlinck
- 1912: Gerhart Hauptmann
- 1913: Rabindranath Tagore
- 1914
- 1915: Romain Rolland
- 1916: Verner von Heidenstam
- 1917: Karl Gjellerup / Henrik Pontoppidan
- 1918
- 1919: Carl Spitteler
- 1920: Knut Hamsun
- 1921: Anatole France
- 1922: Jacinto Benavente
- 1923: W. B. Yeats
- 1924: Władysław Reymont
- 1925: George Bernard Shaw
- 1926: Grazia Deledda
- 1927: Henri Bergson
- 1928: Sigrid Undset
- 1929: Thomas Mann
- 1930: Sinclair Lewis
- 1931: Erik Axel Karlfeldt (posthumously)
- 1932: John Galsworthy
- 1933: Ivan Bunin
- 1934: Luigi Pirandello
- 1935
- 1936: Eugene O'Neill
- 1937: Roger Martin du Gard
- 1938: Pearl S. Buck
- 1939: Frans Eemil Sillanpää
- 1940
- 1941
- 1942
- 1943
- 1944: Johannes V. Jensen
- 1945: Gabriela Mistral
- 1946: Hermann Hesse
- 1947: André Gide
- 1948: T. S. Eliot
- 1949: William Faulkner
- 1950: Bertrand Russell
- 1951: Pär Lagerkvist
- 1952: François Mauriac
- 1953: Winston Churchill
- 1954: Ernest Hemingway
- 1955: Halldór Laxness
- 1956: Juan Ramón Jiménez
- 1957: Albert Camus
- 1958: Boris Pasternak
- 1959: Salvatore Quasimodo
- 1960: Saint-John Perse
- 1961: Ivo Andrić
- 1962: John Steinbeck
- 1963: Giorgos Seferis
- 1964: Jean-Paul Sartre (declined award)
- 1965: Mikhail Sholokhov
- 1966: Shmuel Yosef Agnon / Nelly Sachs
- 1967: Miguel Ángel Asturias
- 1968: Yasunari Kawabata
- 1969: Samuel Beckett
- 1970: Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
- 1971: Pablo Neruda
- 1972: Heinrich Böll
- 1973: Patrick White
- 1974: Eyvind Johnson / Harry Martinson
- 1975: Eugenio Montale
- 1976: Saul Bellow
- 1977: Vicente Aleixandre
- 1978: Isaac Bashevis Singer
- 1979: Odysseas Elytis
- 1980: Czesław Miłosz
- 1981: Elias Canetti
- 1982: Gabriel García Márquez
- 1983: William Golding
- 1984: Jaroslav Seifert
- 1985: Claude Simon
- 1986: Wole Soyinka
- 1987: Joseph Brodsky
- 1988: Naguib Mahfouz
- 1989: Camilo José Cela
- 1990: Octavio Paz
- 1991: Nadine Gordimer
- 1992: Derek Walcott
- 1993: Toni Morrison
- 1994: Kenzaburō Ōe
- 1995: Seamus Heaney
- 1996: Wisława Szymborska
- 1997: Dario Fo
- 1998: José Saramago
- 1999: Günter Grass
- 2000: Gao Xingjian
- 2001: V. S. Naipaul
- 2002: Imre Kertész
- 2003: J. M. Coetzee
- 2004: Elfriede Jelinek
- 2005: Harold Pinter
- 2006: Orhan Pamuk
- 2007: Doris Lessing
- 2008: J. M. G. Le Clézio
- 2009: Herta Müller
- 2010: Mario Vargas Llosa
- 2011: Tomas Tranströmer
- 2012: Mo Yan
- 2013: Alice Munro
- 2014: Patrick Modiano
- 2015: Svetlana Alexievich
- 2016: Bob Dylan
- 2017: Kazuo Ishiguro
- 2018: Olga Tokarczuk
- 2019: Peter Handke
- 2020: Louise Glück
- 2021: Abdulrazak Gurnah
- 2022: Annie Ernaux
- 2023: Jon Fosse
- 2024: to be announced